GIS Based Morphomotric Characterization and Hydrological Assessment of the Tatti Halla watershed Haliyal and Yallapur taluk. Karnataka India

Using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools, this study gives a full morphometric analysis of the Kali River Tattihalla basin sub-basins in the taluks of Haliyal and Yallapur in the Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka, India. The study aims to learn about the watershed's hydrological features and how its shape has changed over time by looking at drainage network factors in a measured way. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and satellite images were used to find water networks and figure out different morphometric factors, such as linear, areal, and relief aspects. It covers about 2,450 km² and has flow patterns that are typical of the Western Ghats region. These patterns are dendritic to sub-dendritic. The study found fourth- to sixth-order streams with drainage densities between 1.2 and 2.8 km/km². This means that the drainage systems are moderately to well-developed. The bifurcation ratios were between 3.2 and 5.7, which suggest that the structure controlled how the flow developed. The elongation ratio numbers (0.4–0.7) show long or oval basin forms, and the relief ratio numbers (0.08–0.15) show intermediate to high relief conditions. The study's results show that the sub-basins have a modest to high risk of erosion and are currently going through busy geomorphological processes. This morphometric description helps with managing watersheds, figuring out how likely floods are, and planning for sustainable land use in the Western Ghats, an area that is very important for the environment.